Resistance to buckling
The buckling theory showed that for buckling to occur, the reduced axial force, Fa*, must be negative. However, it is not necessarily the case that buckling will occur if the reduced axial force is less than zero.
The capacity of the pipe to resist buckling will depend upon its dimensions, material properties, the well profile and the supports. Below the different sections of the well trajectory and their influence on the buckling capacity are addressed.
Vertical wellbore sections
A distinction is made between the conductor casing buckling capacity and the other casing . . .